Diabetes
Diabetes is a serious and complex medical condition that can affect the entire body. A person with diabetes is unable to maintain healthy levels of glucose (sugar) in their blood, which is directly impacted by the food and drinks we consume.
When left untreated, whether it be a long or short period of time, diabetes can lead to numerous other health complications such as impaired vision/blindness, kidney failure, increased risk of stroke & heart attack, limb amputations & deterioration of mental health.
There are 3 different types of diabetes:
1. Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) - an autoimmune condition - the immune system destroys the cells in the pancreas which produce insulin (hormone which regulates blood sugar levels)
2.Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) - lifestyle condition - the body becomes resistant to the normal effect of insulin & loses capacity to produce enough insulin.
3. Gestational Diabetes (GDM) - diabetes during pregnancy - some women have higher blood glucose levels during pregnancy which need to be managed. Typically following the birth, blood glucose levels will return to normal, however there is still a risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes post pregnancy.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition & not directly impacted by lifestyle factors, however the development of type 2 diabetes can be prevented by our diet & lifestyle choices.
Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes involves:
• Maintaining a healthy weight.
• Making healthy food choices (a dietitian can help guide you!)
• Managing blood pressure & cholesterol levels.
• Regular physical activity.
• Not smoking.
There is no 'one diet fits all' for prevention or management of diabetes, however generally speaking, it would involve consuming a nutritious & portioned diet incorporating the five major food groups - grains (mostly wholegrains), lean protein (meats, poultry, eggs, legumes/lentils, tofu), fruits, vegetables & dairy products (including dairy alternatives).
Carbohydrates are sugars found in grain products, legumes, fruits, dairy & processed foods, and these cause our blood glucose levels to elevate after consumption. You don’t need to skip them but you do need to know how to manage them.
For those living with diabetes, it can be very confusing & confronting knowing what foods are best to eat and which to limit. It's often best to skip Dr Google & find a dietitian qualified to provide expert advice tailored to your needs, goals & lifestyle! You don’t often need to completely skip foods, you just need to know how to manage your diet for your diabetes
A Dietitian will provide guidance and support to help you manage your diet and lifestyle to either prevent the development of Type 2 Diabetes or manage an existing diabetes diagnosis.
Photo courtsey of Steve Buissine at pixabay.com